Thursday, August 25, 2016

Hey men, here’s how to avoid sexually spreading Zika

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via Shutterstock


It may sound like the plot to a bad Michael Crichton book, but mosquitos carrying the dreaded Zika virus have officially arrived in Florida, and infected men are now spreading it through their sperm. Yes, the virus is this year’s breakout STD, and not everyone has received the proper sex ed on how to stay safe.


While much of the media coverage of Zika has focused on the danger it poses for pregnant women—the virus has been linked to severe birth defects—it’s hardly just a women’s issue. Men’s role in preventing the spread is essential. While both men and women can contract Zika and not show any symptoms, the virus can remain in semen for at least six months—which means guys are likely spreading it without even knowing it.


So what can men do to keep their sexual partners safe? Here are a few simple steps.


1. First things first—if you have symptoms of Zika, get tested


The most common symptoms of Zika are fever, rash, joint pain, and red eyes. Of course, these are also symptoms of the common cold and the flu, so how do you know when to get tested?


First, assess how long you’ve had your symptoms—which tend to last longer than those for these other common ailments, explains Dr. Robert Segal, a physician in Manhattan and the founder of the medical testing service LabFinder.com, who has treated patients with Zika. If your symptoms last longer than seven days, consider getting tested.


That said: Be logical. Do you live in or have you recently traveled to a region where the virus is prevalent—or have you had sex without someone who has? Most cases of Zika in this country have been “travel related,” meaning people visited areas where the virus was prevalent (such as Central and South America), contracted the virus there, then returned to the states. However, if you live in a state like Florida, where locally transmitted cases of Zika have been reported, and you have symptoms, you should get tested whether you’ve traveled or not.


2. Whether or not you show symptoms of Zika, if you’ve visited a hot zone, get tested


If you’ve traveled to a region where Zika is common, you should get tested within two to 12 weeks of returning, no matter what, says Segal. “Not everyone who has Zika has symptoms. That’s the group that is the unknown,” he explains. “They go through life and they never get tested and they pass it on through sex—oral, vaginal, anal, even through sex toys.”


For people living in the areas of South Florida where locally transmitted cases have been reported, you may want to get tested if you get bitten by a mosquito or have sex with someone who could have the virus—just to be safe.


Remember, once you become infected with the virus, you yourself become a carrier—so not only can you transmit it through sex, but if a mosquito bites you, it can then theoretically pass it on to the next person it bites. “We the humans become carriers and create a whole slew of flying objects that infect others,” Segal says.


Unfortunately, at this point, there is no cure for the virus—so if you get diagnosed with the virus, the best way to limit transmission is to wear a lot of mosquito repellant. And wear condoms.


3. Practice safe sex—which may include abstinence


Most sexually transmitted cases of Zika have involved an infected man passing it to an uninfected woman, but researchers have reported at least once instance of an infected woman passing it to a man.


Because Zika can live in a man’s semen for at least six months, practicing safe sex is key. Either use a condom—even for oral sex, says Segal—or abstain from all activities involving sexual fluids until you know for sure if you have the virus.


If you test positive for Zika—or think you might have it—then you should be extra careful, says Segal, especially if you and your partner are looking to have kids. Experts recommend waiting at least six months before attempting to conceive, since the virus has been linked to birth defects including a condition called microcephaly, in which babies are born with abnormally small heads and severe fetal brain defects.


Women who have tested positive for Zika should wait at least two months after symptoms begin before trying to conceive, according to the CDC guidelines. That said, much is still unknown about whether and how long Zika might stay in a woman’s body, so it might be prudent to wait longer, says Segal. If you find yourself in this situation, talk to your doctor about when it’s safe to start trying to have a baby.


4. How to get tested


If you think you need to be tested for Zika, you should be able to find a doctor’s office or lab near you that offers the service. You’ll likely be asked to give a blood and urine sample.


In order to make it easier for people to get tested, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued Emergency Use Authorization for two types of nascent Zika diagnostic tests: The first is a screener that can detect the virus if less than two weeks have passed since symptoms first appeared. If it’s been more than two weeks, or the screener comes back positive, it’s necessary to use the second test, which detects Zika virus IgM antibodies.


As for a vaccine—well, there isn’t one yet. While the National Institutes of Health have launched a clinical trial to investigate one, even if it works, it likely wouldn’t become commercially available for quite some time. And unfortunately, for those who have already been diagnosed with the virus, there’s not much available in terms of treatment. “There is not specific medicine,” says Segal. “General treatment is rest, fluids, and Tylenol to reduce fever and pain.”


For everyone else, remember the golden words: Don’t be a fool and wrap your tool.


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If you think you have a STD, there is something you can do about it! The only way to know for sure is to be tested.


GET TESTED NOW. SEE TESTS & PRICES



This feature is for informational purposes only and should not be used to replace the care and information received from your health care provider. Please consult a health care professional with any health concerns you may have.



Hey men, here’s how to avoid sexually spreading Zika

Anonymous: Defying The Odds – I Was Born With HIV



*The following narrative is from one of our HIV-positive scholarship applicants. It has been minimally changed to remove any identifying information.*


There was a woman who was addicted to drugs, and by sharing needles she contracted HIV. I was born in 1998; this woman gave birth to me. My birthday was also the day that her husband would learn of her HIV status. She had neglected to tell him and continued refusing to until the doctors withheld her pain medications and she confessed. The husband, my father, fought for me. He fought to save me from this addict. He fought to save my life.


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The courts did not make it easy for my father to earn custody of me. For a period of time, I lived with neither of my parents. Regardless of the challenges he faced again and again and again, my father never gave up. He eventually met the woman I, today, call mom. Together they fought the odds.


The doctors said I would be “developmentally delayed,” however, my parents refused to sit idly and accept these words. Instead they made sure I took my medicine and got my nutrients. Throughout my life they have pushed me and encouraged me to become the best student, athlete and person that I can be.


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I don’t remember much of the struggles I faced early in my life. I remember snippets of being in the hospital and the kind nurses who would bring me little crafts to do. I remember a game room at one hospital. I remember being in a big room with other beds in it and being confuse; I had an IV in my arm and I was a little dizzy. Most of all, I remember my parents sitting with me all day and all night. Coming back to the present, my only daily reminder of these hardships is a scar on my stomach from the GI tube used to administer my food and medicine.


I have been undetectable for 15 years. With love, support and determination, I have grown up to be in the top 11 percentile of a high school known state wide for its superior standards and academic excellence. I have completed and received my associate degree at the age of 18, before receiving my high school diploma.I plan to become a pediatric immunologist, so that I can show children that they control HIV and not the other way around. I also plan to research ways to cure HIV and AIDS. To help me reach my goals I am currently an intern at an immunology research lab 12 hours a day, 5 days a week. Before entering graduate school, I have learned lab techniques, including but not limited to, cloning antibodies and flow cytometry.


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I have received numerous leadership awards, participated in various clubs and honor societies, and completed more than 200 volunteer hours as a mentor to struggling students. I have ran varsity cross country and long distance track for four years, earning honors such as MVP, captain, and other honorary titles. I qualified for state, both individually and with my team. We placed in the top five teams in the state, and I individually finished in the top 50. I received some academic-based scholarships to my university. I will compete here as well. 


My most important accomplishment is that I have grown and excelled past the boundaries prescribed to me.


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Despite these accomplishments, I live in a silent fear, a constant shame, because of my HIV status. I understand that there are ignorant people in the world. I understand that it’s not my fault. I also understand that there are other, more difficult to treat and harder to survive ailments besides HIV.


What sets HIV apart from other ailments, to me, is the fact that when a person has HIV they are looked down upon and even feared. Many other ailments come with a feeling of shame, however, most have a cure. Most can be fixed and forgotten.




It’s sad that we live in a world where so many people are so ignorant on such a global issue. People need to understand not just HIV itself, but also the individual people it effects. It’s important for people to know they can’t get HIV from being near me or even by sharing food and drinks with me. That when they use “you have HIV/AIDS” as an insult or joke, it cuts deep and isn’t funny. People should know what being undetectable entails in achievement and maintenance. The world needs to recognize that people with HIV are just as human as everybody else. Some of us have no control over our HIV status due to the bad decisions of people before us. Others made mistakes or had poor judgment. Without taking away the severity of these judgments, I’d like to point out that there are people without HIV who have committed the same wrongs. Who we are should be judged by our actions and our words– our successes and our opportunities for growth.



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I have HIV, but I am intelligent and athletic. I am focused and compassionate. I am on my way to achieving the goals I have set for my future. I am hopeful for a better tomorrow.


I have HIV, and so do about 36.7 million other people. In some ways, my HIV status has made me stronger by reminding me of my ability to surpass expectations and defy the odds. You say I can’t do something? I say watch me.


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I want people to know that HIV is not the end of a person’s life. We can choose to live a normal life and have a normal lifespan if we can choose to fight, stand tall and be brave.




The post Anonymous: Defying The Odds – I Was Born With HIV appeared first on STD Exposed – Sexual Health Blog.


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If you think you have a STD, there is something you can do about it! The only way to know for sure is to be tested.


GET TESTED NOW. SEE TESTS & PRICES



This feature is for informational purposes only and should not be used to replace the care and information received from your health care provider. Please consult a health care professional with any health concerns you may have.



Anonymous: Defying The Odds – I Was Born With HIV

Wednesday, August 24, 2016

What it’s like to be young and undocumented in the STD capital of California

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Alex Izaguirre/FUSION


Until 18-year-old college student Monica Valera spoke to Fusion three weeks ago, she knew nothing about where to get tested for sexually transmitted infections in her hometown of Shafter, a small agricultural community just outside of Bakersfield, CA.


Valera, who is undocumented and had no health insurance prior to enrolling in her university health plan last year, soon learned that there was only one place she could go in her immediate area for free or low-cost STI testing.


“I didn’t know we had a Planned Parenthood in Bakersfield,” Valera said. “I don’t even think people here know what Planned Parenthood is.”


When Valera turned to ask her 17-year-old brother if he’d heard of Planned Parenthood, the widely-known reproductive health care provider, he confirmed that he’d never heard of the clinic, and asked if they only offered services to girls (they serve all genders).


When it comes to STIs, teens and young adults are disproportionately impacted—young people 15 to 24 years old account for half of the 20 million new STIs in the U.S. every year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—and in Kern County, where Valera lives, STI rates are especially high. The chlamydia rate has tripled there over the last 20 years, and today the county has the highest number of reported chlamydia and congenital syphilis cases in California, according to stats compiled by the Kern County health department. Kern also ranks third in the state in reported cases of gonorrhea.


Federal health data suggests that the risk of contracting chlamydia and other STIs is even greater for Latinos in Kern, who make up just over half of that county’s population. The chlamydia rate among all Latinos nationally was found to be more than double the rate among whites, according to the CDC.


Residents and health experts we interviewed in Kern County say that access to STI testing, prevention and treatment can be especially difficult for Latinos who are undocumented, due to lack of insurance, transportation, or fear of being discovered.


“If you’re undocumented, it becomes this total mission to actually go to the doctor, because then you have to miss a day of work, find transportation, go back for medicine and things like that,” said Loany Villegas, a 24-year-old college student. “It becomes 10 times more complicated than if you’re documented and you have those resources more available.”


There are an estimated 75,000 undocumented people living in Kern County, many of whom are uninsured. In California, undocumented adults are ineligible for full scope Medi-Cal, the state version of Medicaid. And while the state extended low-cost health care to undocumented minors earlier this year, many young undocumented people remain uninsured.


“The first time I got tested was [in college] because it was free and I knew where it was and it was quick,” said Valera. “I wouldn’t go (get tested for STIs) here in Shafter. I wouldn’t want to ask my mom to give me a ride over there. And I’m just afraid of the treatment that I would get as an undocumented person. People here are very very racist and mean. It’s very conservative.”


Cecilia Castro, 25, a substitute teacher from Bakersfield who is also undocumented, speculated that a lack of comprehensive sex education in schools may be contributing to the high STI rates in Kern County.


“They do tell you about sexually transmitted diseases (in school), but they don’t tell you what you can do,” Castro said. “They don’t tell you where you can go get tested or what you can do to prevent it.”


Moises Duran, a youth organizer with both the Dolores Huerta Foundation and the Gay and Lesbian Center in Bakersfield, agrees.


“I blame the lack of sex education in the schools and the fact that people are focusing on celibacy instead of teaching these kids what’s going on,” said Duran. “[Young people not knowing] how to protect themselves is one of the big factors of why we’re dealing with this.”


Comprehensive sex education was approved by voters in California and became mandatory in public middle and high schools in January this year, but it is still too early to tell how the new law is impacting STI rates among young people.


Natasha Felkins, a health educator at Planned Parenthood Mar Monte in Bakersfield, believes access to care will continue to be an issue, as long as undocumented residents in the county are forced to live in the shadows.


“Even if there are agencies with caring people who are able to provide answers, it’s really hard to feel comfortable as an undocumented child,” said Felkins. “The family is so used to having to keep the structure within the home and not inform other people of their status.”


Stigmas around sexual health, financial hardship within families, and physical isolation in rural areas are all factors that work against young, undocumented Latinos getting the care they need, said Felkins.


“We’re talking about outlying rural areas and it can be hard for [undocumented youth] to have transportation,” she said. “And if you live in that community, you don’t necessarily want to go to that health center and be surrounded by people that you go to school with, that you see on a daily basis.”


The political climate in historically conservative Kern County creates an added barrier. Conservative attitudes and religious beliefs held by many community members and public officials in the region, said Duran, contribute to a hostile environment for local young people who may be undocumented or identify as LGBT.


That hostility was on display at a Kern High School District board meeting last June, after the board of trustees voted to adopt an anti-discrimination law to allow transgender students to use whichever bathroom they identify with. During the meeting, some community members expressed indignation at the decision and clashed vocally with local LGBT advocates and youth who were on hand.


“I feel like that represents a lot of Kern County,” Duran said of the intolerance displayed by many community members during the meeting.


In such an environment, suggested Duran, undocumented LGBT youth face the risk of having both their sexuality and their citizenship status revealed and potentially attacked, simply as a result of going out to seek the health care they need.


Not surprisingly, said Felkins, there are many young people in Kern County who desperately need accurate information about reproductive health issues, but don’t feel comfortable seeking it out.


“I know the youth are hungry for this information,” Felkins said. “They ask a lot of questions and have a lot of misinformation because it’s a lot of peer to peer communication on things. The truth is, they want to know.”


To combat the lack of awareness and resources, Michelle Corson, the public relations officer for the Kern County Public Health Services Department said in an e-mail that the county recently rolled out a “Know Your Risk” campaign, which provides trainings and resources aimed at reducing STI rates in Kern County.


However, Corson said the county does not currently have any programs specifically for undocumented youth, and was unable to name any resources in the area that focus on that population.


If you live in Kern County and want information about how you can get tested for STI’s, you can visit http://kernpublichealth.com/std-services/ or Planned Parenthood in Bakersfield.


This content was made possible by a grant from The California Endowment and produced independently by Fusion’s Rise Up: Be Heard Journalism Fellowship.


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If you think you have a STD, there is something you can do about it! The only way to know for sure is to be tested.


GET TESTED NOW. SEE TESTS & PRICES



This feature is for informational purposes only and should not be used to replace the care and information received from your health care provider. Please consult a health care professional with any health concerns you may have.



What it’s like to be young and undocumented in the STD capital of California

Anonymous: I have HIV and HPV

*The following narrative is from one of our HIV-positive scholarship applicants. It has been minimally changed to remove any identifying information.*


I was living in with an ex-boyfriend; we were still sleeping together. I had made a life for myself where we were and I didn’t want to relocate. He began telling me that I needed to go get checked. Subsequently, I got an STD check and was told that I am HIV-positive and that I also have HPV (human papillomavirus) as well. At the time, I looked at it as being a death sentence and did not know what I was going to do or how long my life would be.


go-get-checked-hivI was just 18 years old at the time, and all I could think to do was move back to my hometown, so that’s what I did. After I moved back I began to think about how I could have contracted HIV and HPV.  All that came to mind was my risky sex life that I was having from age 15 with my ex-boyfriend. He had pushed me into going to get tested for HIV, but did not go with me.


I was upset with my diagnosis, and started having an even wilder sex life– unprotected sex with people whom I told I was HIV-positive, who said they were also positive, as well as people who really didn’t care that I was positive. In 2006, I began going to the Infectious Disease Clinic at a local hospital. My HPV infection had become severe, and I had my first surgery for it that year. I had to have numerous rectal surgeries; doctors were removing masses and infections from my inner buttocks frequently from that year until recently. Thankfully, the surgeries have slowed down quite a bit since then– I’m down to one surgery every year or two.


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Around 2007, I began using drugs. You name it, I’ve tried it. I spent many years in a cycle of sex, drugs and partying. My mindset at the time was, “I’m going to die anyway, why not do drugs and have sex with different men– they’re positive, too.” Having HIV and HPV really changed my life for the worse; it really made me feel less of myself. I was depressed and turned to drugs and alcohol to deal with the depression and the feeling I carried constantly that no one cared about me.


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In 2011, I was diagnosed with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) from the years of not taking my antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) prescribed for HIV. I took them sometimes, but your body can develop a resistance to some of the medications causing them to not work as well. It got to a point where I couldn’t walk without a walker and I had trouble washing myself, eating and talking. I couldn’t drive for a year and a half. I had to learn how to do all those things all over again; it was as if I never knew how.


One thing that I wish people who are not living with HIV knew is that it can be hard for a people living with HIV. You do not know if you’re going to live or die. When your lifestyle is filled with sex, drugs and partying, that’s one thing, but just on a day-to-day basis when you’re not doing all that and having to remember to take your medicine every day of the year, so you can be healthy. It can be hard at times; very hard. Some days you just feel like giving up, you get so tired of taking pills everyday, but then your subconscious mind begins to speak; telling you, “You want to live, you need to live, you will make it.”


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Today I can say that I am making it– I received my GED a few years ago, and have since been taking college classes. I started out slow, but that is all that my mind could take at the time. I’m overjoyed because I remember the days when this lifestyle and furthering my education were not in my future; the days when I could do nothing but lay in a hospital bed and cry, “Why me?”.


The post Anonymous: I have HIV and HPV appeared first on STD Exposed – Sexual Health Blog.


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If you think you have a STD, there is something you can do about it! The only way to know for sure is to be tested.


GET TESTED NOW. SEE TESTS & PRICES



This feature is for informational purposes only and should not be used to replace the care and information received from your health care provider. Please consult a health care professional with any health concerns you may have.



Anonymous: I have HIV and HPV

Tuesday, August 23, 2016

Women are literally expected to do all the chores, depressing study finds

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via Shutterstock


Brace yourself, because what I am about to say is #depressing.


According to a new study presented at the American Sociological Association’s annual meeting, most Americans still believe that women should be responsible for the majority of the cleaning, cooking, grocery shopping, and child-rearing—even if the woman has a full-time job or makes more money than her partner.


Yes, for real.


Researchers from Indiana University and The University of Maryland looked into the effects of income and gender on the division of labor between married couples. They wanted to see which partner was expected to do more in the chore department, and what role gender stereotypes played in that decision.


To get to the bottom of these important queries, researchers surveyed 1,025 participants using GfK, a research company that maintains a nationally representative panel of respondents. The participants were each asked to read different vignettes describing a married household. Several characteristics about each partner were listed—income, occupation, and hobbies. Here’s an example:


Brian and Jennifer met five years ago and have been married for just over a year. Brian is a physical therapist at a hospital, bringing home about $57,500 a year, and Jennifer is a reporter for a local newspaper, bringing home about $25,250 a year. They are both very busy, each working 40 hours per week. Despite their busy schedules, they try to do things together regularly. In fact, one of the only reoccurring arguments they have is what to do on the weekend together. Brian usually wants to play basketball if they are going out, or watch an action movie if they are staying in. Instead, Jennifer would rather go shopping or watch a romantic comedy



In this case, the husband makes more money than the wife. In other vignettes, these traits were manipulated so that the wife made more than the husband. Since the researchers also included gay and lesbian couples, the listed characteristics were manipulated so that one partner was seen as more “masculine” and one was seen as “more feminine” in order to judge how gender stereotypes affected same-sex couples.


After participants read the vignettes, they were asked about who should be responsible for eight different household chores: cooking, washing dishes, cleaning, grocery shopping, doing laundry, outdoor chores, making auto repairs, and managing household finances. They were also asked who should be responsible for different child-rearing responsibilities, including emotional needs, physical needs, discipline, and stay-at-home parenting.


Now, one might assume that whoever makes less money or spends less time at work would be tasked with taking on more household and child-rearing responsibilities. But what the researchers found was that gender was a bigger predictor of household expectations than income. In fact, income made basically no difference.


Nearly 75% of respondents thought that the female partners in heterosexual couples should be responsible for cooking, doing laundry, cleaning the house, and buying groceries. Women were also expected to be responsible for household finances. On the other side, 90% of respondents felt men should be responsible for outdoor work and car maintenance.


I don’t know about your household, but the cooking and laundry in my house usually has to be done a lot more than fixing the car, which puts a much bigger burden on women than men.


As for child-rearing, 82% of respondents said the female partner should be responsible for the children’s physical needs, 72% said she should take care of the children’s emotional needs, and 62% believed the woman should be the stay-at-home parent. Meanwhile, men were only expected to handle one task: discipline (and even that was only expected by 55% of the participants).


“Female partners are expected to do more female-typed chores than male partners, and male partners are expected to do more male-typed chores than female partners, holding relative income constant,” explained the authors in the paper.


They added: “Relative income has virtually no effect on the amount or types of tasks assigned to heterosexual males, aside from stay-at-home parenting.” In other words, even when men made less money, the expectations of housework placed on them didn’t change. And naturally, this creates a double-standard. As the authors explain: “When women are either lower-earning or feminine, they are penalized in the sense that they are expected do more chores and childcare tasks than they otherwise would. But Americans generally do not penalize [heterosexual] men [with additional chores] when they are lower-earning or feminine.”


Put plainly, the results indicate that if a woman makes less money than her husband, she is absolutely expected to take care of the chores and child-rearing. This holds true even if she herself has a job, and it’s thought of almost as a way of compensating for her lower income. However, when a woman makes more money, she is still expected to take on the brunt of housework, but no extra expectation is placed on the lower-earning male, aside from the fact that he might be expected to become a stay-at-home parent. This presents an unfortunate reality: Housework is still considered women’s work, no matter what.


I warned you this would be depressing!


As mentioned earlier, the study also used gay and lesbian couples in the marriage vignettes. The researchers found that overall, the more “masculine” partner was given more classically masculine chores and the more “feminine” partner was given more typically feminine chores. But according to the authors, this was rather unexpected.


“Sex was by far the strongest determinant of which tasks people assigned to each spouse in heterosexual couples,” Natasha Quadlin, a co-author on the study, said in a press release. “But, surprisingly, that theme extended to same-sex couples. When there wasn’t a sex difference between partners, people relied on information about gender to guide their beliefs about what people should be doing. So, in other words, they took the heterosexual norm, where there are certain chores that men are expected to do and certain chores that women are expected to do, and used that same rationalization to determine household responsibilities for same-sex couples.”


At the end of the day, these gender norms tend to have a bigger impact on couples than advancements we’ve made in gender equality on a policy level, according to the researchers, and they inevitably hurt women. “We have public policies aimed at ensuring that women and men have equal earnings, but those policies will not necessarily advance gender equality in the home if people maintain such gendered attitudes,” they write.


The burden of the “second shift” isn’t just about equality—it’s also about health. Previous research has shown that women who work full time are at a greater risk of heart disease, cancer, arthritis, and diabetes than men who work full time. Women essentially pull two jobs—their paying job and their household job—whereas men simply aren’t expected to do the same.


Seriously (in the words of John Oliver): How is this still a thing?


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If you think you have a STD, there is something you can do about it! The only way to know for sure is to be tested.


GET TESTED NOW. SEE TESTS & PRICES



This feature is for informational purposes only and should not be used to replace the care and information received from your health care provider. Please consult a health care professional with any health concerns you may have.



Women are literally expected to do all the chores, depressing study finds

Stanford’s apparent solution to avoiding another Brock Turner? Banning hard alcohol.

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FUSION/Shutterstock


It’s been five months since former Stanford University student Brock Turner was convicted of raping a woman on campus—but in the months since the crime, the university has not made any meaningful changes to its sexual assault policies. It did, however, announce on Monday two major updates to its alcohol policy, which has many students and faculty wondering if the timing could really be a coincidence.


Turner’s case entered the national spotlight after a statement his victim read at his sentencing hearing went viral back in June. The 23-year-old woman, who has not been identified, described how Turner, 20, digitally penetrated her unconscious body after a fraternity party next to a campus dumpster, and would have kept going had it not been for two men on bicycles who discovered her and Turner and alerted the police. Despite the evidence, Turner was sentenced to a paltry six months in prison.


In days that followed the letter’s publication, other damning materials became publicly available, including Turner’s own statement to the sentencing judge in which he blamed “party culture and risk taking behavior” for his crime. Now the administration is banning hard alcohol from registered parties and alcohol containers in excess of 750 mL anywhere on campus. The university denies any link between the Turner case and its new policies, but some students and faculty can’t help but wonder: Are these updates really the university’s way of avoiding another Turner-like tragedy on campus?


An email sent to the Stanford community on Monday morning (shared with Fusion by a university spokesperson) announced the changes in anticipation of the start of the fall semester. The note was sent by Greg Boardman, Vice Provost for Student Affairs, who referenced discussions that began in early March of this year about “high-risk drinking on campus, particularly in regard to hard alcohol.” Boardman wrote:


Ours should be a community where every member feels a sense of belonging. It is evident that everyone does not currently share this feeling, and we must collectively work to address the root causes. Among the concerns we hear are that some students drink alcohol as a means to overcome social anxiety and others feel alienated by their peers’ drinking, sometimes to the extent that they do not feel welcome in their own houses or organizations. These dynamics are unacceptable to us, as are the range of problems that are too frequently associated with alcohol misuse.


High-risk drinking is not a problem unique to Stanford, but we believe that the strategies we pursue to address the negative consequences of this behavior must be rooted in our particular campus culture and our respect for one another. We trust that you will rise to this challenge so that our campus continues to be a vibrant place of learning and inclusion for all its members.



He went on to briefly outline the two main policy updates: the prohibition of “high-volume distilled liquor containers for undergraduate students and prohibiting hard alcohol at all categories of on-campus parties.” In other words, no handles of Svedka at your next pre-game, and only beer and wine at frat parties. Boardman asked students to “embrace new cultural norms that accurately reflect our commitment both to our values and to campus health and safety.” But the idea that this update will reduce drinking on campus seems at the very least naive, and at the worst, dangerous.


Stanford Law professor Michele Dauber has spent years fighting for sexual assault reform on campus, but has been particularly visible in the wake of Turner’s sentencing as a family friend of the victim and the leader of a campaign to recall the sentencing judge, Aaron Persky. Dauber has no doubt that the revised alcohol policy is the university’s way of addressing the Turner fallout.


“I think that this unfortunately looks like the whole of the university response to the Brock Turner case,” Dauber told me via phone on Monday, “and if that’s true, this is a really wrongheaded approach. It reflects the university’s misunderstanding of the role of alcohol in sexual assault and a misunderstanding of how students use alcohol.”


Sasha Perigo, an undergraduate student studying computer science and a vocal voice against the university’s handling of sexual assault, shared via email that these alcohol policies were introduced at the end of the last school year to great objections from students. In response, students introduced a referendum to oppose the policy changes, and 91.5% (more than 2,000 students) voted against the hard alcohol ban.


“Since the policy came out this morning, I’ve interacted with a dozen or so students all of whom are extremely upset,” Perigo told me Monday. “The email announcing the policy spoke about student safety and mental health, yet students see this as disingenuous, as they believe banning hard alcohol will increase binge drinking behind closed doors.”


Dauber, too, shares the concern that the ban on hard alcohol at parties will simply drive consumption underground and into private areas more conducive to sexual assault. She predicts they’ll “drink aggressively at a pregame, and right about the time they get to a party, the force of what they drank will hit them.” This type of aggressive drinking could, Dauber feels, lead to a greater number of alcohol poisoning incidents that will go unreported because students will fear repercussions for reporting. In sum, the opposite of what the university hopes it will achieve.


Separate from anger over the alcohol policy changes is the fact that no other solutions for helping lower sexual assault on campus have been publicly addressed. Dauber told me that she stopped by the dumpster last week where Turner committed the rape, and additional lighting had still not been installed in the area, despite recommendations to do so. Nor has the university announced plans to look into fraternity or athletic culture and its ties to campus assault. Perigo added that there “has been a long-standing campaign among students to increase funding for our Counseling and Psychological Services department, as it is understaffed and employees work overtime trying to help students, and the university has refused to cooperate.”


It shouldn’t be terribly surprising that Stanford is faltering with its handling of the post-Turner era. Early Monday afternoon when I visited a page on the Office of Alcohol Policy and Education’s website titled “Female Bodies and Alcohol,” the language it used raised a number of red flags. One section, “Alcohol affects both sexual intent and aggression,” stuck out:


The link between sexual aggression and alcohol use is multidimensional. Research tells us that women who are seen drinking alcohol are perceived to be more sexually available than they may actually be. Therefore, women can be targeted with unwanted attentions due to that misperception. On study found that, for women, the odds of experiencing sexual aggression were 9 times higher on days of heavy drinking compared to days when the women did not drink. Individuals who are even a little intoxicated are more likely to be victimized than those who are not drinking.


Other research studies have shown that men who think they have been drinking alcohol—even when they have only consumed a placebo—feel sexually aroused and are more responsive to erotic stimuli, including rape scenarios. For some, being drunk serves as a justification for behavior that is demeaning or insulting, including the use of others as sexual objects.



It also addressed how alcohol could lead women to commit “regretted behavior,” which sounds like a line straight out of finishing school.


Curiously, however, when I looked at the page later in the day, the section excerpted above had been deleted and some of the other language modified. When I asked the university spokesperson about the changes, she said she was not aware of the page or its updates.


In Turner’s letter to the judge, he wrote, “I know I can show people who were like me the dangers of assuming what college life can be like without thinking about the consequences one would potentially have to make if one were to make the same decisions that I made…I want to demolish the assumption that drinking and partying are what make up a college lifestyle I made a mistake, I drank too much, and my decisions hurt someone.”


When you put the university’s language and Turner’s side-by-side, the similarities are enough to give one pause. Dauber said that the school seems to have adopted the now-criminally charged student’s view of the campus culture, which she called “dangerous.”


“This will not work,” Dauber said. “It looks like the university is protecting its image at the risk of student safety.”


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Stanford’s apparent solution to avoiding another Brock Turner? Banning hard alcohol.

Sunday, August 21, 2016

Here’s a list of every sexist moment from the Rio Olympics

160819-sexist-olympics

Elena Scotti/FUSION


Over the past two weeks in Rio we’ve seen breathtaking triumph, devastating defeat—and a shitstorm of sexism. We probably could have predicted that an event showcasing some of the world’s strongest women would inevitably elicit reprehensible reactions—for every inspiring woman, there’s an equally uninspiring troll who wants to bring her down. And yet, this reality doesn’t excuse what we witnessed. It simply calls our attention to how much work needs to be done before the next Olympics—because our female champions deserve better.


And so, as the Rio festivities come to a close, I’ve compiled for you a list of every reported sexist incident I could find. Brace yourself: You’ll laugh, you’ll cry, and if you’re like me, by the end, you’ll probably want to punch something—in a finely coordinated Olympic boxing jab kind of way.


Katinka Hosszú broke a world record, but her husband was given credit


Hungarian swimmer Katinka Hosszú not only earned a gold medal in the 400-meter individual medley, she broke a world record. But right after her win, NBC panned to her husband / coach Shane Tusup while commentator Dan Hicks blurted out “and there’s the man responsible.” Because, as we all know, a woman can’t do anything that incredible without a man. (Side note: Hicks later said he wishes he had said things differently. Um yeah.)




Three-time Olympian Corey Cogdell-Unrein was referred to as the “wife of a Bears’ lineman”


Corey Cogdell-Unrein has competed in the Olympics three times for USA Shooting, and she won a bronze medal in Rio. However, when the Chicago Tribune wrote a story about her accomplishments, the paper referred to her in the headline as the “wife of a Bears lineman” instead of using her actual name or mentioning her sport. After all, at the end of the day, an elite female athlete is nothing more than someone’s wife, right?




Fox News panelists debated whether female Olympians should wear makeup or risk looking like “washed out rags”


It’s hard to believe this really happened, but Fox News dedicated an entire segment to debating whether or not female Olympians should wear makeup. In order to get to the bottom of this important issue, they asked two men who have never competed in an Olympics to come in and share their opinions. The commentators felt that, yes, women should wear makeup because they need to look pretty on TV in order to get sponsorships. As commentator Bo Dietl said, “Would you put money behind a gal that won the gold medal that looks like a washed out rag?” (No words.)



Commentators described the women’s Judo final as a “catfight”


Judo is one of the most brutal and difficult sports out there. It’s also a badass martial art that includes takedowns, arm bars, and deadly choke holds. However, when Majlinda Kelmendi made history and became Kosovo’s first-ever medalist by winning gold in Judo, an announcer decided to describe her final battle against Italy’s Odette Giuffrid as a “catfight”—rather than the feat of strength it truly was. Um, what?




A bunch of sexist people said Katie Ledecky “swims like a man”


Katie Ledecky killed it in Rio, winning four gold medals and one silver. In fact, while breaking a world record in the 400-meter freestyle, NBC commentator Rowdy Gaines pointed out that she’s so good, “Some people say she swims like a man.” Indeed, one of those people was Ryan Lochte, who said her strokes were “like a guy.” Luckily, Gaines later pointed out “She doesn’t swim like a man, she swims like Katie Ledecky!”




Simone Biles was called “the next Michael Phelps”


Many folks wanted to compare the great Simone Biles to men, too. As one NBC commentator said when describing her power on the uneven bars, “I think she might even go higher than some of the men.” But Biles wasn’t having it. As onlookers called her “the next Usain Bolt” or “the next Michael Phelps,” she clapped back, saying, “I’m not the next Usain Bolt or Michael Phelps. I’m the first Simone Biles.”





Twitter viciously body-shamed gymnast Alexa Moreno


When 22-year-old Mexican gymnast Alexa Moreno made it to Rio, she was already a winner, given how few Mexican gymnasts have ever competed in the Olympics. Despite this feat, Twitter trolls decided the 99-pound gymnast was too fat for their liking and hurled insults at her, calling her “gorda” (fat) and comparing her to a pig. This, of course, is completely unacceptable treatment of a world-class athlete—or any human being.




A commentator painted the gold-medal winning women’s gymnastics team as silly teenage girls


The women of the USA gymnastics team are the best in the world by miles. Not only did they take home gold in the all-around competition but they did so in a landslide victory. Yet when NBC commentator Jim Watson spoke about them as they waited for results on the sidelines, he said, “They might as well be standing around at the mall.” LOLz. Get it? They’re not elite athletes; they’re silly little girls. Silly little girls who could kick your ass, Jim.




NBC said women don’t like sports, they like reality TV


During the opening ceremonies, some viewers wondered why the spectacle wasn’t being broadcast live. Don’t worry—NBC had a wonderfully sexist reason: women. Specifically, the notion that women don’t like sports.


“The people who watch the Olympics are not particularly sports fans. More women watch the Games than men, and for the women, they’re less interested in the result and more interested in the journey,” said John Miller, NBC Olympics’ chief marketing officer. “It’s sort of like the ultimate reality show and mini-series wrapped into one.” Great job insulting the biggest demographic watching the games. Two thumbs up.




A BBC reporter totally forgot all about Venus and Serena Williams’ accomplishments


When tennis player Andy Murray won his second gold medal in Rio, BBC reporter John Inverdale congratulated him, saying, “You’re the first person ever to win two Olympic tennis gold medals. That’s an extraordinary feat, isn’t it?” In reality, Murray is the first man to accomplish the incredible feat, but not the first person. He shot back, “Venus and Serena [Williams] have won about four each.” This so-called simple mistake is indicative of a larger problem: Too many people see men’s sports as “real sports,” so the accomplishments of female athletes are diminished.




Katie Ledecky broke a world record. Michael Phelps won silver. Guess which was considered more important?


Two things happened: Swimmer Katie Ledecky broke a world record in the 800-meter freestyle and Michael Phelps won silver in the 100-meter butterfly. Despite Ledecky’s greater accomplishment, however, it was Phelps who got the headline in may publications—because apparently, a women’s gold medal is outranked by any medal earned by a man.




Media outlets implied that getting married is a bigger accomplishment for women than winning an Olympic medal


When Chinese Olympic diver He Zi was on the podium accepting her silver medal, her boyfriend—fellow diver Qin Kai—decided that would be the perfect moment to propose. But worse than Kai hijacking Zi’s glorious moment was the way the media boasted about her proposal as the best thing that could ever happen to her. The BBC called the proposal “an even bigger prize,” and CBC Canada tweeted out, “What’s better than an Olympic medal? A proposal.” No, no it’s not.




A fan mansplained to an Olympic cyclist how to get better at her sport


During an Olympic road race in Rio, dutch cyclist Annemiek van Vleuten suffered a horrible crash in which she fractured three vertebrae and got a concussion. So of course some man on Twitter decided to mansplain how to cycle properly—because men know best!—despite the fact that she is a freaking Olympian!




A news outlet speculated volleyball player Kim Yeon-Koung couldn’t get a boyfriend because she was too tall


Rather than praise her accomplishments, the English-language Korea Times decided to run a story on Korean volleyball star Kim Yeon-Koung’s dating prospects, titled “Boyfriend a tall order for 192cm South Korean volleyball star.” In it, the Times speculated about her love life, or lack thereof, claiming that Kim was “looking for a boyfriend” but unlikely to find a South Korean man willing to date such a giant.


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This dude complained about volleyball champion Kerri Walsh Jennings’ “side boob”


You might think Olympians’ uniforms are designed to optimize their performance—but at least one Twitter user suggested American Kerri Walsh Jennings’ volleyball uniform, a two-piece bathing suit, was actually designed to titillate male viewers. Last Sunday, a Twitter user named James Carroll wrote (and later deleted), “Why has NBC decided that beach volleyball is fascinating? I’ve seen enough of Kerri Walsh’s side boob. Scantily clad=big ratings? Please.” Shortly after, the champion herself shut this dude down:






An Olympic equestrian was referred to as “blondie” and “scaredy-cat”


When introducing an interview with rider Julia Krajewski, a commentator for Germany’s ARD TV named Carsten Sostmeier said, “Let’s see what the blondie has to say.” This descriptor, of course, is totally demeaning and disregards Krajewsk’s athleticism. But that wasn’t even the worst of it: Later in the interview Sostmeier called Krajewski a “scaredy-cat” and said she was so fearful of the race course that “there was a brown stripe in her panties.” Which is just beyond awful. He later apologized. (P.S. Krajewski and her German equestrian team took home silver).




This commentator suggested tennis star Eugenie Bouchard was more interested in selfies and fashion than the Olympics


After Canadian tennis star Eugenie Bouchard lost to Germany’s Angelique Kerber, former Olympian and sports commentator Adam Kreek had this to say: “And I go and look … on her social media, and she’s holding pictures of herself, she’s holding up the toothpaste, and she’s trying out different hairstyles. And … maybe she wants something different than to be a competitor.” Because there’s no way a professional athlete could be interested in both their sport and their public persona. All major athletes sign endorsement deals—but only women are faulted for it.



This NBC commentator belittled a gymnast, suggested she was “writing in her diary”


After completing her incredible balance beam routine, Netherlands gymnast Sanne Wevers was seen writing in a notebook on the sidelines. NBC’s Al Trautwig then decided to throw out a sexist comment (because why not) and suggest she was “writing in her diary”. Thankfully, former Olympian Nastia Liukin pointed out that Wevers was probably calculating her score, like the professional athlete she is. Trautwig didn’t really care, responding, “She may have been writing down her start score, but I’m going with, ‘Dear diary, I’m leading the Olympics!’” Wevers went on to win gold, beating Simone Biles.




After this cyclist became the most decorated female Olympian in British history, a commentator offered a totally unwarranted analysis of her marriage


When cyclist Laura Trott won gold in the Omnium—a multiple race event in track cycling—she became the most decorated female British athlete ever. After the event, she ran over to her fiancé, Jason Kenny—who had also just won a gold medal—to celebrate. That’s when BBC commentator Chris Boardman said this: “She’s doing the emotion for both of them really, he’s looking at her going, ‘What’s for tea?’” It’s a weird comment for sure, and one that kind of suggests Trott’s value to her husband is making him tea. Try again, Boardman.




Swimmer Simone Manuels made history—and AGAIN Michael Phelps got the headline


Swimmer Simone Manuels became the first ever African-American woman to win an individual swimming event when she took home gold in the 100-meter Freestyle. The same evening, Michael Phelps won his 22nd Olympic medal. So of course a California newspaper reported the accomplishments like this: “Michael Phelps shares historic night with African-American.” No mention of Manuels name, her sport, or even why the night was historic.



 



The New York Times credited a man for Katie Ledecky’s accomplishments


You’d think The New York Times would know better after NBC gave swimmer Katinka Hosszú’s husband credit for her win. Yet the Times still decided to run a story suggesting that Katie Ledecky was a man’s creation, titled “His Latest Innovation: The World’s Best Swimmer.” The article focuses on Ledecky’s coach, Bruce Gemmell, and reads, “His latest project, Katie Ledecky, has thrived under his tinkering, becoming stronger, faster and more versatile”—as if Ledecky had little to do with her own swimming. Just another example of casual sexism.




This BBC reporter was slut-shamed for wearing a dress while covering the Olympics


BBC reporter Helen Skelton was insulted and harassed on Twitter for—wait for it—wearing a dress while reporting on the Olympics. Some trolls criticized her for not wearing enough clothes, while others made crude, sexual comments about her body, saying things like “So far the Olympics is a festival of nice female thighs. Helen Skelton now contending ….” Gross.




 


Finally, it was brought to our attention that more gold medals are available to men than to women


In the Olympics, there are 161 gold medals up for grabs for the men, while there are only a 136 gold medals available for women. To put this in practical terms: Katie Ledecky holds the world record in the women’s 1500 meter freestyle, but can’t compete for it at the Olympics because it’s a men’s only event.


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So there you have it. These, of course, are only the moments that made headlines. If you spotted ones that I missed, let me know in the comments. Here’s to a less sexist Winter Games.


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If you think you have a STD, there is something you can do about it! The only way to know for sure is to be tested.


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This feature is for informational purposes only and should not be used to replace the care and information received from your health care provider. Please consult a health care professional with any health concerns you may have.



Here’s a list of every sexist moment from the Rio Olympics